Turing, the Bletchley Park codebreaker, played a crucial part in the Allies’ victory over Nazi Germany in World War Two.
He studied at King’s College from 1931 to 1934 and was elected a fellow there in 1935.
The sculpture was made from 5.5in (140 mm) thick rolled Corten steel, a material used often by Sir Antony in other works.
He said: “Corten contains 1% of copper which means it will oxidise over time, forming a rich red rust surface. The sculpture’s relationship with time and weather is an integral part of its character.”
Gillian Tett, provost of King’s College, praised the artwork for reflecting both “Turing’s brilliance and his vulnerability”.
“At the same time the sculpture also embodies the transformation of the industrial in to the information age,” she said.